Creativity & Creation in the Classroom

Month: March 2024

My Teaching Pedagogy Aligned with Learning Theories

“Describe your own experience teaching or learning in the context of learning theory (behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, social learning, connectivism). What theory best describes your belief around how learning takes place?”


Experiential Learning:

Participating in the Indigenous Specialization Program at UVic opened my eyes to the power of experiential learning and it’s guided my pedagogical practice.  An example of this in my classroom is my Buddy Reading Program.  I can talk to the students about the concept of “personal and social responsibility,” or, I can take my kids out of the classroom and give them opportunities to connect in their community. I believe this facilitates their identity and how it relates to community and the world.  Students reflect on the experience positively, and self-reflect on ways they could improve their interactions with the Little Buddy’s.


Constructivism:

As discussed on “Most Likely To Succeed”, the school curriculum we follow was created 130 years ago.  Since then, the way we access information has changed drastically.  In my classroom, students are not lectured at or using the entirety of class to do worksheet or gather information without the process of applying it.  Knowledge in my classroom is used as a tool to create, question, apply critical thinking skills or use in effective problem-solving situations. 

An example of this in my classroom would be a recent project in my Social Studies 8 class. Students learned about the Social Hierarchy of the Feudalism System in Ancient times. Students learned from a variety of sources including a documentary, textbooks, and a powerpoint presentation. They then applied their knowledge by creating a “Modern Code of Chivalry” and creating a powerpoint presentation to share their modern day codes with the class. The summative project for the unit was a world in Minecraft Education that conveyed the social hierarchy in a 3D Model. Students created incredible homes and farms of the peasants, including farm animals in the homes for warmth, as was reflective of the time. Students conveyed their creativity by constructing detailed buildings for each aspect of the social hierarchy. Some highlights include moats around the castles, specific weapons in the Knights homes, and artwork on the walls in the castles. In my opinion, these two examples demonstrate social constructivism, as students worked collaboratively with others to create these projects.

These projects also remind me of earlier research we learned about around the “SAMR Model” of integrating classroom technology. In my opinion, these two projects are examples of high level thinking, and using technology through the process of redefinition. The students are creating new worlds that reflect their knowledge acquisition, and no two worlds that they create, are the same. They can diversify their and create visual representations of their learning.

“The SAMR model, represented as a ladder, is a four-level approach to selecting, using, and evaluating technology in K-12 education. According to Puentedura (2006), the SAMR model is intended to be a tool through which one may describe and categorize K-12 teachers’ uses of classroom technology (see Fig. 1). The model encourages teachers to Bmove up^ from lower to higher levels of teaching with technology, which according to Puentedura, leads to higher (i.e., enhanced) levels of teaching and learning.” (Hamilton et al., 2016, p. 434)”
(Hamilton et al., 2016, p. 434)


(Hamilton et al., 2016, p. 434)


Scaffolding:

Scaffolding has always been an ongoing practice in my classroom and pedagogy.  Guided practice, modeling, graphic organizers, and chunking information are all part of my daily practice.


Community of Practice:

I have two consistent community of practice groups.  One in technology innovation and another that gets together quarterly to discuss how to support our grade 8 learners in their transition from elementary school to high school.  I enjoy getting together with other professionals so that I can enhance my perspectives, be reflective on my teaching practice, and enhance my knowledge base.

Progressive Assessment Practices


I’m fortunate to share my educative space with teachers who are implementing progressive practices in their classroom. I met with Connor Podmorrow in March of 2024 to inquire about his progressive assessment practices. Connor and I share a passion for integrating project-based learning, self-directed learning, and e-portfolio’s. In this interview, I am most interested in how he applies formative and summative assessment practices in his classroom. Here are the questions and videos of our interview:


Question 1: Tell us a little bit more about how you use student directed self-assessments, and with students helping with creating assessment in your practice. I’ll get you to start by telling us a little bit it was teaching philosophy and how you use it in assessment.

Dynamic Assessment Practices

Connor highlights many of the challenges we face as teachers, including being able to communicate effectively to the parents and guardians. Communicating home is one of the fundamental reasons I also use digital portfolio’s. I have my students email their parents their digital portfolio links, within in the first weeks of school, to practice writing professional emails and to learn to embed hyperlinks. My hope is that this facilitates parent and guardian involvement and that those at home can share in the students progress and success in the classroom.


Question 2:

How is assessment integrated with students? Would you do it at the beginning so that they can have an idea of what the formative process looks like or do you wait for at the end and then sit down with them and create a summative assessment rubric or like how does that look?

 

Connor responds by saying, “Again it’s very reflexive on the the kids that I’m working with so if I’m working with say like a group of grade 10, 11, 12s there will be I will usually have a group of curricular competencies based on that course whether it’s social 10 or social justice and I’ll have kids circle and take those curriculum pieces and place them into their own rubric and then from there.” He then goes on to describe that students will reflect directly on how their project highlights the strengths of that competency. He also has them address their growth in the project. He works collaboratively in a verbal conversation with each student in a conference setting. This is something I have been hearing more about in the classroom and I’m glad teachers are giving their 1-1 support to students in this way. In my opinion, this is much more comparable to how people get feedback in the workforce. They don’t get an “A+” on their work, they get feedback, suggestions, praise, or otherwise, and they have to digest that feedback and make changes accordingly.


Question #3

If someone is interested in the philosophies and the methodologies that you’re using could you suggest any books or resources?

Connor: “3 big ones that I lean on hard:

1 – Curse to Teach – Parker Palmer

2 – Seven Fixes – movement from summative assessment 

3 – Ungrading  (shown below)

https://studio.youtube.com/video/kXD7hzVlbIU/edit

https://studio.youtube.com/video/kXD7hzVlbIU/edit

Question #4

Okay, hypothetically, you’re sitting down with a student and you’re asking them about what they think their grade should be. What is some language that you use around that what’s the conversation piece if they feel like they got a certain grade, and you feel like it’s a different direction either better or worse?

https://studio.youtube.com/video/0x3WHcIhv2I/edit

Connor says he uses a visual representation of proficiency scale with, with engagement as the measurement. He says, “I lean more now to more of a visual representation of that great determination piece so I’ll have a piece of paper here and I would say like like an amber, a green, or a red and for proficiency scale that would be like extending, proficient, developing and emerging. Then, I’ll have an axel versus engagement, and then we’ll use that as a way to reference where they are.”

I appreciate that Connor has considered a visual component to the conferencing with his students. It’s important to have clarity around assessment and students are familiar with the proficiency scale, but often have difficulty understanding the association with their core or curricular competencies goals.


Overall, I appreciated sitting down with Connor and hearing his passion about assessment practices in his classroom. I gained some new insight into the practical application of conferencing with students, I myself have just started to do this in the last semester. I enjoy working one-on-one with students to talk about their perspective on their efforts and I value the formative approach that Connor has in his classroom practice.

“Most Likely to Succeed” & Soft Skills

After watching “Most Likely to Succeed” I was reaffirmed in my teaching pedagogy and inspired to continue to focus on skill development in my Careers classes.  I was also inspired to do more research on the development of “soft skills” and how they facilitate career preparation and readiness.

The documentary began by shedding light on the school system in its ‘original state’ which is characterized by cramming material and curriculum content into students and then measuring success with test scores.  As the documentary states, Test scores “show nothing about work, learning, citizenship readiness” (Most LIkely to Succeed, 2015).  

Another perspective of the detriment of this type of structure was learned about in my Specialization in Indigenous Studies that I studied at UVic, as we discussed this idea in great length.  The original structure of the school system is linear, content-heavy, and assessment was primarily in the form of tests.  For many Indigenous cultures, this is a stark contrast from the traditions of learning they are accustomed to.  In traditional Canadian Indigenous cultures, one learns from watching their elders, slowly learning skills through mimicry and daily practice.  Examples include their daily necessary activities: carving, basket weaving, hunting animals, fishing, gathering nuts and berries, and building structures.  The “testing” in these scenarios is highly formative, as kids would learn the mistakes they make along the way by having their elders show them, patiently, and help them correct and navigate their skills.  The ultimate test would be their ability to succeed in the form of creation: can they make a paddle on their own?  Are they able to hunt an animal and skin it?  Are they able to show skill acquisition for the purpose of survival and to thrive as a community member?  As mentioned in the documentary, “Most Likely to Succeed”, the SAT is supposed to test critical thinking as they’ve standardized it.  Students want to answer creatively in multiple approaches and “to do well on the test, you have to answer in a singular way” (Most LIkely to Succeed, 2015).  The idea of content-retention and testing is entirely dichotomous to an Indigenous way of learning and marginalizes our Canadian Indigenous students.

The documentary goes on to provide quantitative data to back their claims that memorization of content does not equate to knowledge retention or skill acquisition.  In a study conducted at the Lawrence Phil Academy, students didn’t remember information three months after a test and “Major concepts that they had “presumably mastered” were gone” (Most LIkely to Succeed, 2015).  As their average grade fell from B+ to an F, the researcher states that 90% of the inert knowledge (information you memorize for a test) is forgotten after one to three months. 

“We’re taught NOT to learn but to MEMORIZE

Nothing could be worse for your future or your soul”

(Most LIkely to Succeed, 2015). 

The documentary highlights the contributors to success aren’t in content-retention and testing but rather in a development of “soft skills”.  I valued their introduction of viewpoints from various successful information technology companies including Google and Khan Academy.  In the documentary, the representative from Google stated that when they’re hiring, they don’t always look at the person with the best grades: “some of the smartest people aren’t necessarily good at working with others” (Most LIkely to Succeed, 2015).  

Khan Academy gave the following skills as their guide for hiring:

  • “giving and receiving feedback
  • what are their logical and critical thinking skills
  • what’s their ability to communicate
  • how curious is this person
  • how self aware is this person”

We shifted the curriculum in 2016 to be more focused on SKILL development, rather than content.  Yet, I walk by classrooms and still see kids sitting, doing worksheets.  I still hear teachers giving quizzes, tests and midterms.  I still see the students being tested on their content knowledge.  There are a couple of teachers I work with that embrace the concepts of skill development and formative assessment with the emphasis on growth rather than perfection.  Many teachers are embracing project-based learning and inquiry.  In the article “Let’s Get Ready For Work – Employability Skills Development in an IS Capstone Project” the researchers solidify that soft skills are preparing graduate students for success in the workplace.  Gafni (2023) states, “The importance of soft skills in the Information Systems industry is not an arguable fact and has been broadly discussed both in the industry and the academic literature. The ability of professionals to collaborate, communicate, manage time, negotiate, solve problems, make decisions, and self-learning, called employability skills, are essential skills needed in today’s industry. The development of these skills during undergraduate studies is essential for graduate students’ readiness for work” (p. 235).  Although they are referencing graduate students in the study, they speak to the same “soft skills” that have been recognized as the focus of our curriculum, by way of our “Core Competencies.”  The core competencies in our British Columbia curriculum are: Communication, Collaboration, Thinking: Creative and Critical, Personality and Social Responsibility.  The “Competency development does not end with school graduation but continues in personal, social, educational, and workplace contexts” (Core Competencies | Building Student Success – B.C. Curriculum, n.d.).  The government perspectives align with the article that states, “The ability of professionals to collaborate, communicate, manage time, negotiate, solve problems, make decisions, and self-learning, called employability skills, are essential skills needed in today’s industry. The development of these skills during undergraduate studies is essential for graduate students’ readiness for work” (Gafni et al., 2023, p. 235). Our students are heading into a dynamic world and an evolving workforce that will require them to have complex critical and creative thinking skills and strong communication skills.  I was enlightened by this documentary and the subsequent research I did to enhance my understanding of soft skills and how they benefit students in their education, workplace, and their futures.

The question that I ask many of my students, often is… “What defines success?”  For many of my students, they consistently answer with responses like: “To find a job and make lots of money.”  In our current knowledge economy, we don’t “find” jobs; we create them.  It’s possible to go down one particular career path and find yourself doing something else entirely. I am motivated to prepare my students for success and help them navigate their futures.

References:

Core Competencies | Building Student Success—B.C. Curriculum. (n.d.). Retrieved March 14, 2024, from https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/competencies

Gafni, R., Leiba, M., & Sherman, S. (2023). Let’s Get Ready for Work – Employability Skills Development in an IS Capstone Project. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 22, 235–261. https://doi.org/10.28945/5157

Most LIkely to Succeed. (2015). Retrieved January 14, 2024, from https://webapp.library.uvic.ca/videos/view.php?vfn=Most-Likely-To-Succeed-(2015).mp4

TEDx Talks (Director). (2015, December 16). Strengthening Soft Skills | Andy Wible | TEDxMuskegon. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkLsn4ddmTs

© 2024 Hype on Education

Theme by Anders NorenUp ↑